Londen

Londen, called London in English, is the capital and largest city of the United Kingdom, located in southeastern England along the River Thames. It serves as a major political, economic, and cultural center and comprises a metropolitan area that includes 32 boroughs and the historic City of London.

Historically, Londen originated as Londinium in Roman Britain, grew through the medieval era, and became a leading global city in the modern period. It endured heavy bombing in World War II and rebuilt rapidly, expanding its influence in finance, education, and the arts.

Governance is divided between the Mayor of Londen and the London Assembly for the wider region, and the City of London functions as a separate financial district and local authority. Londen is a major international financial center with banks, insurers, and professional services.

Notable landmarks and institutions include Buckingham Palace, the Houses of Parliament and Big Ben, Westminster Abbey, the Tower of London, St Paul’s Cathedral, the British Museum, and the Tate Modern. The city hosts diverse neighborhoods such as Westminster, Soho, Camden, and Greenwich.

Transport is extensive, with the London Underground, buses, and rail services, supported by the Oyster card. The city is served by airports such as Heathrow and Gatwick and is connected to Europe by high-speed rail and international flights.