Logó

A logó is a graphic mark, emblem, or symbol used to promote public recognition of a brand, product, or organization. It may consist of a symbol (logomark), text (logotype), or a combination of both.

Historically, logos trace back to marks used by workshops and merchants for identity and ownership. The modern concept of a standardized, repeatable logo emerged with corporate branding in the late 19th and early 20th centuries and expanded with mass media. The digital era further influenced logo design, emphasizing scalable vector graphics and flexibility across diverse media and devices.

Logók rely on core elements such as typography, color, shape, and composition. Common typologies include logotypes (wordmarks like a company name rendered in a distinctive font), logomarks (pictorial or abstract symbols), combination marks (text plus symbol), and lettermarks (initials). Effective logos are typically simple, distinctive, memorable, and versatile, functioning in color or monochrome and at small sizes.

The design process generally follows a brief, concept exploration, refinement, and testing across applications, leading to formal brand guidelines. These guidelines specify color systems, typography, spacing, and usage rules to ensure consistency across logos used in packaging, digital media, signage, and advertising.

Logók also have legal significance as potential trademarks, protecting brand identity and preventing misuse. Logos may evolve through rebranding while retaining recognizable associations with the organization.