Logistiku

Logistiku is a field that focuses on the planning, implementation, and control of the movement and storage of goods, services, and related information from origin to consumption. It aims to meet customer requirements with efficient use of resources, often within a broader supply chain. The discipline covers both inbound and outbound activities and integrates transportation, warehousing, inventory management, order processing, packaging, and information systems.

Professional logistiku relies on coordinating networks of suppliers, manufacturers, distributors, retailers, and customers. Core components include transportation management, warehouse operations, inventory control, demand forecasting, and network design. Information technology, including ERP systems, transport management systems, and barcoding, supports real-time visibility and decision-making.

Historically, logistiku emerged from military and trade logistics and evolved through the industrial era into modern supply chain management. The rise of globalization, e-commerce, and digital platforms has increased the emphasis on speed, reliability, and sustainability. Common approaches include just-in-time, lean logistics, cross-docking, outsourcing, and nearshoring.

Key performance indicators for logistiku include cost per unit, delivery lead time, order accuracy, inventory turnover, and fill rate. The field also faces challenges such as demand volatility, disruptions, regulatory compliance, and environmental impact. Professionals work in industries ranging from manufacturing and retail to transportation and third-party logistics providers.

See also supply chain management, procurement, inventory management.