Linnen

Linen is a natural textile made from the fibers of the flax plant, Linum usitatissimum. The fabric is valued for its cool, breathable feel and its strength. Linen fibers are long and fine, which gives the fabric a distinctive crisp texture and a natural luster. It wrinkles easily but becomes softer with use and washing. Linen has low elasticity, so it can feel stiff when new but relaxes over time.

Historically, linen is one of the oldest textiles, with evidence of use in ancient Egypt and the Near East. In Europe, flax cultivation and linen production have long been associated with regions such as Belgium, Ireland, and France. Linen can be woven in plain, twill, or damask weaves and is used for clothing, bedding, towels, and upholstery.

Production involves growing flax, harvesting, and extracting the fibers from the stem through retting, scutching, and hackling. The long fibers are spun into yarn and woven or knitted into fabric. Finishing steps may include bleaching, dyeing, or softening to enhance appearance and hand.

Care and sustainability: Linen is durable and tends to improve with washing and use. It is typically machine washable in cool to warm water and can be line-dried or tumble-dried on low heat to minimize shrinkage. Linen fibers are biodegradable, and flax generally requires less water and fewer pesticides than many other natural fibers, contributing to its reputation as an environmentally friendly fabric. In English, “linen” also refers to household textiles such as sheets and table linens; “linens” is used for these items collectively.