Lima

Lima is the capital and largest city of Peru, located in the central coastal region overlooking the Pacific. It anchors the Lima Metropolitan Area, which has around 10 million residents.

Founded by the Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro on January 18, 1535 as Ciudad de los Reyes, it became the political and administrative center of the Viceroyalty of Peru. It played a central role in Peru's independence and became the national capital after independence in 1821. The historic center is a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

The city lies on a coastal plain with hills in some districts. Lima has a desert-like climate with warm, dry summers and mild, humid winters; temperatures typically range from 18 to 28 C, with very little rainfall. The Humboldt Current contributes to the dry conditions.

Lima is Peru's economic and cultural hub, housing government institutions, financial services, and major corporations. The Port of Callao near Lima handles much of the country's international trade. The city is served by Jorge Chávez International Airport and a network of roads and light rail in some districts.

Lima features a historic center with plazas and religious buildings, such as the Plaza Mayor, Cathedral of Lima, and San Francisco Monastery. Districts like Miraflores, San Isidro, and Barranco are known for dining, parks, and cultural venues. Peru's renowned cuisine, including ceviche and pisco, is centered here.