Callao

Callao is a city and port on the central coast of Peru, immediately west of Lima. It forms the Constitutional Province of Callao, a political division within the Lima Region, and serves as Peru’s principal seaport for international trade as well as the main air gateway to the capital through Jorge Chávez International Airport, located in the Callao District.

Geographically, the province covers several urban districts, including Callao, Bellavista, La Perla, La Punta and Carmen de la Legua Reynoso. The port complex extends along the Pacific coast and includes cargo terminals, container facilities, and naval facilities.

History: The area has been used as a port since the colonial era. The Real Felipe Fortress, built in the 18th century to defend the port, is a notable historic site. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Callao expanded as Peru’s principal maritime hub and played a role in the War of the Pacific.

Economy and infrastructure: The Port of Callao handles the majority of Peru’s foreign trade, supporting containerized and bulk cargo, fishing, and related services. The Jorge Chávez International Airport serves the region and connects Callao to national and international destinations. The city also hosts the Peruvian Navy’s primary naval base and maritime facilities.

Culture and landmarks: Callao features historic fortifications, a mix of colonial and republican architecture, waterfront districts such as La Punta, and a busy port environment that shapes its urban character. The area remains an important economic and logistical center for Peru.