Liigesekatteid

Liigesekatteid, often referred to as joint capsules, are fibrous sacs that enclose the joints in the body. They are a crucial component of synovial joints, providing structural integrity and facilitating smooth movement. Each liigesekate is composed of two distinct layers. The outer layer, known as the fibrous membrane, is a tough, inelastic layer made of dense connective tissue. This layer provides mechanical support and helps to prevent dislocation of the bones within the joint. The inner layer is the synovial membrane, a thin, vascular layer that secretes synovial fluid.

Synovial fluid is a viscous, lubricating fluid that fills the joint cavity. Its primary functions are to reduce friction between the articular cartilages of the bones, absorb shock, and nourish the cartilage. The synovial membrane also plays a role in the immune defense of the joint, containing phagocytic cells that remove debris and pathogens.

The liigesekatte is reinforced by ligaments, which are strong bands of connective tissue that connect bone to bone. These ligaments further stabilize the joint and limit excessive or abnormal movements. The integrity of the liigesekatte is vital for maintaining joint function and preventing injuries. Conditions affecting the liigesekatte, such as inflammation (capsulitis) or tears, can lead to pain, stiffness, and limited range of motion.