LiCFx

LiCFx, also known as lithium carbon monofluoride, is a chemical compound with the general formula (CFx)n, where x is typically between 0.5 and 1.0. It is a solid material and is primarily known for its use as a cathode material in primary (non-rechargeable) lithium batteries. These batteries are often referred to as lithium-manganese dioxide or lithium-sulfur dioxide batteries, although the cathode in LiCFx batteries is specifically this carbon monofluoride compound.

The synthesis of LiCFx involves the direct fluorination of carbon materials, such as graphite, with fluorine gas at elevated temperatures. The resulting structure is a complex intercalation compound where lithium ions are incorporated into a fluorinated carbon lattice. The electrochemical performance of LiCFx is characterized by its high theoretical energy density and good stability, making it suitable for applications requiring long shelf life and reliable power.

LiCFx batteries are commonly found in low-drain devices like watches, calculators, memory backup systems, and remote sensing equipment. Their advantage lies in their ability to provide a steady voltage output over a long period and their operation over a wide temperature range. However, they are not rechargeable. The exact composition and properties of LiCFx can vary depending on the synthesis method and the specific ratio of fluorine to carbon, influencing its electrochemical characteristics. Research continues to explore variations and improvements in LiCFx materials for enhanced battery performance.