Laserkoagulation

Laserkoagulation is a medical procedure that uses laser energy to coagulate tissue, primarily employed in ophthalmology for treating various eye conditions. The technique involves directing focused laser beams onto specific areas of tissue to create controlled burns that seal blood vessels or destroy abnormal tissue.

The procedure is most commonly used in retinal surgery to treat conditions such as diabetic retinopathy, retinal tears, and macular edema. During diabetic retinopathy treatment, laserkoagulation helps seal leaking blood vessels and reduce abnormal blood vessel growth that can lead to vision loss. For retinal tears, the procedure creates scar tissue that helps reattach the retina to its underlying layer.

There are two main types of laserkoagulation: panretinal photocoagulation and focal photocoagulation. Panretinal treatment involves applying laser burns to the peripheral retina to reduce oxygen demand and prevent abnormal vessel growth. Focal treatment targets specific areas of leakage or damage, such as microaneurysms in diabetic retinopathy.

The procedure is typically performed on an outpatient basis using local anesthesia. Patients may experience temporary blurred vision, mild discomfort, or sensitivity to light following treatment. Recovery time varies depending on the extent of treatment, with most patients returning to normal activities within a few days.

Laserkoagulation has become a standard treatment in modern ophthalmology due to its precision and effectiveness. The procedure allows surgeons to target specific areas while minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue. Success rates are generally high, particularly when the condition is diagnosed and treated in early stages.

While generally safe, potential complications include temporary or permanent vision changes, scarring, and in rare cases, accidental damage to healthy retinal tissue. The procedure is contraindicated in certain conditions where laser treatment could worsen the patient's condition.