Larynkiitti

Larynkiitti, commonly known as laryngitis, is an inflammation of the larynx, the voice box. This inflammation can cause the vocal cords to swell, leading to a hoarse voice or complete loss of voice. It is usually a temporary condition.

The most common cause of laryngitis is a viral infection, such as the common cold or flu. Other causes can include bacterial infections, overuse of the voice (like shouting or prolonged singing), exposure to irritants such as smoke or pollution, allergies, and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), where stomach acid irritates the larynx. In some cases, it can be a symptom of more serious conditions like nodules or polyps on the vocal cords, or even laryngeal cancer, although these are less frequent.

Symptoms of laryngitis typically include hoarseness, a weak or breathy voice, a sore throat, a dry cough, and a feeling of needing to clear the throat. A fever may also be present if the laryngitis is caused by an infection.

Diagnosis is usually made based on symptoms and a physical examination. In persistent or severe cases, a doctor might perform a laryngoscopy to get a closer look at the vocal cords. Treatment depends on the underlying cause. For viral laryngitis, rest and fluids are often recommended. Avoiding irritants like smoke and limiting vocal use are crucial. If GERD is the cause, antacids or other medications to reduce stomach acid may be prescribed. Antibiotics are generally not effective for viral laryngitis but may be used for bacterial infections. Severe cases might require medical intervention.