Lagringsproteins

Lagringsproteins are a class of proteins found in many organisms that serve as reserves of amino acids. These proteins are typically broken down to supply the building blocks for new protein synthesis when dietary intake is insufficient or during periods of physiological stress. They are distinct from functional proteins, which carry out specific metabolic tasks.

In plants, storage proteins are commonly found in seeds, where they provide essential nutrients for the germinating embryo. Examples include globulins and prolamins. In animals, storage proteins can be found in various tissues, though the concept is less commonly used as a primary classification compared to plants. Muscle tissue, for instance, contains actin and myosin, which can be catabolized for amino acids under extreme starvation.

The synthesis of storage proteins is often regulated by nutrient availability and developmental cues. Their breakdown is a tightly controlled process, often involving specific proteolytic enzymes. This catabolism ensures that essential amino acids are recycled and made available for critical cellular functions and growth. The specific types and amounts of storage proteins vary significantly between species, reflecting their distinct ecological niches and nutritional strategies.