LM7812

The LM7812 is a popular linear voltage regulator IC that provides a fixed +12V output voltage. It is part of the LM78xx series of regulators, known for their simplicity and reliability. The device is designed for a wide range of applications requiring a stable +12V supply.

Key features of the LM7812 include a fixed +12V output, overcurrent protection, and thermal shutdown. These features protect the regulator and the connected load from damage due to excessive current or overheating. The LM7812 requires minimal external components, typically just an input and output capacitor for stability.

The input voltage range for the LM7812 is generally from 14V to 35V, depending on the specific variant and operating conditions. The output current capability is typically around 1A. Due to its linear regulation method, the LM7812 dissipates excess power as heat, especially when there is a significant voltage difference between the input and output. Therefore, heatsinking is often necessary for applications drawing substantial current.

The LM7812 is available in various package types, with the TO-220 being one of the most common for through-hole applications. Surface-mount versions are also available. Its ease of use and low cost make it a common choice for hobbyists and in many commercial electronic products for providing a reliable +12V power source.