LEUbased

LEUbased refers to a category of nuclear fuel technology that utilizes low-enriched uranium (LEU) as its primary fuel source. Low-enriched uranium contains a uranium-235 isotope concentration typically below 20%, which is significantly lower than the enrichment levels found in weapons-grade uranium. This technology is widely used in commercial nuclear power plants worldwide due to its balance of safety, efficiency, and proliferation resistance.

LEU-based reactors operate on the principle of controlled nuclear fission, where uranium-235 atoms split upon absorbing neutrons, releasing energy and additional neutrons to sustain the reaction. The most common type of LEU-based reactor is the pressurized water reactor (PWR) and boiling water reactor (BWR), both of which rely on LEU fuel assemblies composed of uranium dioxide pellets encased in zirconium alloy cladding.

One of the key advantages of LEU-based systems is their enhanced safety features, including passive cooling mechanisms and inherent stability under abnormal conditions. Additionally, LEU is less susceptible to diversion for weapons purposes compared to higher-enriched uranium, making it a preferred choice for international nuclear non-proliferation efforts. The use of LEU also aligns with global nuclear regulations, such as those established by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), which promote the responsible use of nuclear materials.

LEU-based reactors contribute to stable and low-carbon electricity generation, supporting global efforts to mitigate climate change. However, challenges such as fuel cycle costs, waste management, and public perception remain areas of ongoing research and improvement. Advances in reactor design, such as small modular reactors (SMRs) and advanced PWRs, continue to explore optimized LEU-based solutions for future energy needs.