Kärnförluster

Kärnförluster, also known as core losses, are a type of loss in electrical transformers and inductors. These losses occur due to the hysteresis and eddy current effects within the transformer's core. Hysteresis loss is caused by the repeated reversal of the magnetic field in the core material, which results in a lagging of the magnetic field behind the applied magnetic field. This lagging causes energy to be dissipated as heat. Eddy current loss, on the other hand, is caused by the induced currents that flow in the core material due to the changing magnetic field. These currents also cause energy to be dissipated as heat. Kärnförluster is a significant factor in the overall efficiency of electrical transformers and inductors, as it represents a portion of the input power that is not converted into useful work. To minimize kärnförluster, transformer designers often use core materials with high magnetic permeability and low hysteresis and eddy current losses, such as silicon steel or amorphous metal. Additionally, the core is often designed with thin laminations or a powdered core to reduce eddy current losses.