Kvanttikestäväksi

Kvanttikestäväksi refers to the ability of cryptographic algorithms and systems to resist attacks from quantum computers. Current public-key cryptography, such as RSA and Elliptic Curve Cryptography, relies on the computational difficulty of certain mathematical problems like factoring large numbers or solving discrete logarithms. These problems are believed to be solvable by sufficiently powerful quantum computers using algorithms like Shor's algorithm.

Quantum computers, when they mature, could break many of the cryptographic systems currently in use to secure sensitive data and communications. This poses a significant future threat to cybersecurity, including online banking, secure websites (HTTPS), digital signatures, and VPNs.

The field of quantum-resistant cryptography, also known as post-quantum cryptography, is actively developing new algorithms that are believed to be secure against both classical and quantum computers. These algorithms are based on different mathematical problems that are thought to be hard to solve even for quantum computers. Examples of mathematical approaches being explored include lattice-based cryptography, code-based cryptography, hash-based cryptography, and multivariate polynomial cryptography.

The transition to quantum-resistant cryptography is a complex and ongoing process. It involves standardizing new algorithms, implementing them in software and hardware, and migrating existing systems. This transition is crucial to ensure the long-term security of digital information in the quantum era. Organizations and governments worldwide are investing in research and development to prepare for this shift.