Kuulohäiriöiden

Kuulohäiriö, also known as hearing impairment or hearing loss, refers to a partial or total inability to hear sounds. This condition can affect one or both ears and varies in severity from mild to profound. The causes of hearing loss are diverse, encompassing genetic factors, aging, exposure to loud noises, infections, certain medications, and physical injuries to the ear or head.

There are three main types of hearing loss. Conductive hearing loss occurs when sound waves are blocked from entering the outer or middle ear, preventing them from reaching the inner ear. This can be caused by earwax buildup, fluid in the middle ear, or damage to the eardrum or ossicles. Sensorineural hearing loss is the most common type and results from damage to the inner ear (cochlea) or the auditory nerve. Age-related hearing loss (presbycusis) and noise-induced hearing loss are common examples of sensorineural loss. Mixed hearing loss is a combination of both conductive and sensorineural components.

Symptoms of hearing loss can include difficulty understanding speech, especially in noisy environments, a feeling of fullness in the ear, tinnitus (ringing in the ears), and a need to turn up the volume on electronic devices. Hearing loss can have significant impacts on communication, social interaction, and overall quality of life.

Diagnosis typically involves a hearing assessment by an audiologist, which may include pure-tone audiometry and speech audiometry. Treatment options depend on the type and severity of the hearing loss and can include hearing aids, cochlear implants, assistive listening devices, and in some cases, medical or surgical interventions to address underlying causes. Early detection and intervention are crucial for managing hearing loss and maximizing communication abilities.