Kulki

Kulki are small spherical objects traditionally used in games and toys, commonly referred to as marbles. They are typically made of glass, though historical and regional variants have used agate, clay, porcelain, metal, or plastic. In most sets, the marbles range from about 1.5 to 2 centimeters in diameter; a shooter marble, larger and heavier, is used to strike other marbles.

Historically, marbles have been played since ancient times in various cultures, with extensive popularity in Europe during the 17th–19th centuries. The development of machine-made glass marbles in the 19th century facilitated mass production and standardized sizes and colors. In the late 20th century, plastics and resin materials broadened the range of shapes and designs.

In Poland, the term kulki is the common name for marble-like toys, and the activity is a traditional childhood pastime in schools and streets. Standard games include shooting marbles to hit or knock out opponents' marbles, sometimes within a marked ring or court, and various target or collection games where color or pattern determines scoring. Rules vary widely by region and community, with informal play often emphasizing dexterity and strategy rather than formal competitions.

Safety note: because kulki are small and pose choking hazards, they are recommended for children over three years old under proper supervision.

See also: marbles, glassmaking, toy collections.