Kreislaufinstabilität

Kreislaufinstabilität refers to a state of circulatory system dysfunction where the body's ability to maintain adequate blood pressure and tissue perfusion is compromised. This can manifest as a rapid drop in blood pressure, known as hypotension, and can be a life-threatening condition. The underlying causes are varied and can include significant blood loss (hemorrhage), severe dehydration, overwhelming infection (sepsis), acute allergic reactions (anaphylaxis), heart problems such as heart attack or arrhythmias, or neurological conditions affecting blood vessel control.

The body has compensatory mechanisms to counteract transient decreases in blood pressure, such as increasing heart rate and constricting blood vessels. However, in kreislaufinstabilität, these mechanisms are overwhelmed or fail. Symptoms can include dizziness, lightheadedness, confusion, clammy skin, rapid and shallow breathing, and a weak pulse. Without prompt medical intervention, organ damage due to insufficient oxygen supply can occur, leading to shock and potentially death.

Diagnosis involves assessing vital signs, including blood pressure and heart rate, and identifying the underlying cause through blood tests, imaging, or other investigations. Treatment focuses on restoring blood volume, supporting blood pressure with medications if necessary, and addressing the root cause. This might involve administering intravenous fluids, blood transfusions, antibiotics for sepsis, epinephrine for anaphylaxis, or specific treatments for cardiac or neurological issues. Early recognition and management are critical for improving patient outcomes.