Kranioktomi

Kranioktomi is a surgical procedure that involves the removal of a portion of the skull. This removed bone flap is typically preserved for a period of time, often refrigerated or stored in a sterile saline solution, and then reimplanted back into the patient's skull. The purpose of kranioktomi is to relieve pressure on the brain, which can be caused by swelling, injury, or other neurological conditions. By temporarily removing part of the skull, surgeons can allow the brain to expand and reduce intracranial pressure, thus preventing further damage.

The procedure is performed under general anesthesia. After the skull bone is removed, the dura mater, the membrane that covers the brain, may also be opened. The duration of time the bone flap is kept out varies depending on the patient's condition and the surgeon's judgment. Once the swelling has subsided and the pressure has decreased sufficiently, the bone flap is surgically reattached, usually with small plates and screws.

Kranioktomi is a critical intervention in managing severe traumatic brain injuries, strokes, and certain types of brain tumors. It can be a life-saving procedure, but like any surgery, it carries potential risks, including infection, bleeding, and neurological deficits. The success of kranioktomi and subsequent recovery depend on various factors, including the severity of the underlying condition and the patient's overall health. The reimplantation of the bone flap is known as cranioplasty, which is the reconstructive phase of the treatment.