Korrosionshämmande

Korrosionshämmande, also known as corrosion inhibitors, are chemical substances that are added to environments or materials to reduce the rate of corrosion. Corrosion is the degradation of a material, typically a metal, due to chemical or electrochemical reactions with its environment. These inhibitors work by forming a protective layer on the surface of the material, preventing or slowing down the corrosive process.

There are various types of corrosion inhibitors, broadly categorized by their mechanism of action and the environments they are used in. Anodic inhibitors interfere with the anodic reactions in corrosion, often by forming a passive film. Cathodic inhibitors slow down the cathodic reactions, typically by adsorbing onto the metal surface or by precipitating insoluble compounds. Mixed inhibitors affect both anodic and cathodic reactions. Organic inhibitors are often used in acidic or neutral solutions and work by adsorbing onto the metal surface, creating a barrier. Inorganic inhibitors, such as chromates and phosphates, are effective in various media and can form protective oxide or salt layers.

Corrosion inhibitors are widely employed across numerous industries. In the oil and gas industry, they are used to protect pipelines and equipment from corrosion caused by hydrocarbons and water. In water treatment, they prevent corrosion in cooling systems and boilers. The automotive industry utilizes inhibitors in antifreeze and coolants to protect engine components. They are also found in coatings, paints, and lubricants to enhance the durability and lifespan of metallic structures and products. The selection of an appropriate corrosion inhibitor depends on factors such as the material being protected, the nature of the corrosive environment, temperature, and pH.