Koronautladning

Koronautladning is a term of Norwegian origin that translates to "corona discharge" in English. It refers to a phenomenon where an electrical discharge occurs in a highly ionized gas, or plasma, that surrounds a conductor when the electric field is strong enough to cause ionization but not strong enough to cause a full electrical breakdown of the gas. This discharge is characterized by a faint, luminous glow that is often visible in dim light.

The mechanism behind corona discharge involves the ionization of gas molecules near the conductor's surface due to the strong electric field. This ionization creates free electrons and ions. These charged particles are then accelerated by the electric field and collide with other gas molecules, leading to further ionization in a cascade effect. This process continues as long as the electric field is sufficiently strong. The glowing effect is a result of the excited atoms and molecules releasing energy in the form of light as they return to their ground state.

Corona discharges can occur in various settings, including high-voltage electrical equipment, power lines, and even in natural phenomena like lightning. While often associated with high voltages, it can also be observed under specific conditions with lower voltages. The presence of corona discharge can sometimes indicate potential problems with electrical insulation or design, as it can lead to energy loss and material degradation over time. Understanding and managing corona discharge is important in the design and operation of electrical systems.