Kontraktúrák

Kontraktúrák, also known as contractures, are abnormal shortening and thickening of muscles, tendons, or other soft tissues, often resulting from prolonged immobility, disuse, or repeated injury. They can occur in any part of the body but are commonly found in the hands, feet, and lower extremities. Contractures can be classified as either active or passive. Active contractures involve muscle shortening, while passive contractures involve shortening of tendons, ligaments, or other connective tissues.

Causes of kontraktúrák include prolonged bed rest, lack of physical activity, repetitive strain injuries, and certain medical conditions such as cerebral palsy, muscular dystrophy, and stroke. The symptoms of kontraktúrák vary depending on the location and severity of the contracture. Common symptoms include limited range of motion, pain, and deformity. In severe cases, contractures can lead to significant functional impairment and disability.

Treatment of kontraktúrák depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the contracture. Physical therapy, including passive and active range-of-motion exercises, is often the first line of treatment. In some cases, surgical intervention may be necessary to release the shortened tissues and restore normal function. Prevention of kontraktúrák involves maintaining regular physical activity, avoiding prolonged periods of immobility, and addressing any underlying medical conditions that may contribute to contracture development.