Kondensaattorikäynnistyksen

Kondensaattorikäynnistys is a Finnish term referring to a starting method for single-phase AC electric motors. This method utilizes a capacitor to provide a phase shift to the starting winding, creating a rotating magnetic field that helps the motor overcome its initial inertia and start rotating. It is a common and relatively simple starting mechanism for many household appliances and smaller industrial equipment.

The basic principle involves connecting a capacitor in series with the auxiliary starting winding. When the motor is energized, current flows through both the main winding and the starting winding. The capacitor causes the current in the starting winding to be out of phase with the current in the main winding. This phase difference, combined with the different winding characteristics, creates a rotating magnetic field in the stator, which then induces currents in the rotor and produces starting torque.

Once the motor reaches a certain speed, typically around 75% of its rated speed, a centrifugal switch or electronic relay disconnects the starting winding and the capacitor from the circuit. The motor then continues to run solely on its main winding. Kondensaattorikäynnistys motors are known for their good starting torque, making them suitable for applications that require overcoming a significant load at startup. Examples include washing machines, refrigerators, and some types of pumps. Compared to capacitor-run motors, capacitor-start motors generally have higher starting torque but a less efficient running performance due to the disconnected starting winding.