Komputertomográfia

Komputertomográfia is a medical imaging technique that uses X-rays and computer processing to create cross-sectional images, or "slices," of the body. This process, also known as CT scanning or CAT scanning, allows doctors to visualize internal structures with greater detail than conventional X-rays.

During a CT scan, a patient lies on a table that moves through a ring-shaped machine called a gantry. Within the gantry, an X-ray source rotates around the patient, emitting a thin beam of X-rays. Detectors on the opposite side of the gantry measure the amount of X-rays that pass through the body. Different tissues absorb X-rays to varying degrees, and these differences are recorded by the detectors.

The data collected by the detectors is then sent to a computer, which uses complex algorithms to reconstruct the X-ray absorption data into detailed cross-sectional images. These images can be viewed in multiple planes (axial, sagittal, or coronal) and can even be used to create three-dimensional reconstructions.

CT scans are widely used for diagnosing a variety of conditions, including injuries, tumors, infections, and blood clots. They are particularly useful for examining bones, soft tissues, and blood vessels. The procedure is generally painless and relatively quick, though it does involve exposure to ionizing radiation. The benefits of using CT in diagnosis often outweigh the risks associated with radiation exposure. Contrast agents, which are substances that enhance the visibility of certain tissues or blood vessels, may be administered orally or intravenously before the scan to improve diagnostic accuracy.