Kompozitit

Kompozitit, often referred to as composite materials, are engineered materials made from two or more constituent materials with significantly different physical or chemical properties which remain separate and distinct at the macroscopic or microscopic level within the finished structure. The goal of combining these materials is to create a new material with enhanced properties that are superior to those of the individual components. These enhanced properties can include increased strength, stiffness, reduced weight, improved durability, or specific electrical or thermal conductivity.

The primary components of a composite material are typically a matrix and a reinforcement. The matrix acts as a binder, holding the reinforcement in place and transferring stress to it. Common matrix materials include polymers (like epoxy, polyester, or vinyl ester), metals, or ceramics. The reinforcement provides the structural integrity and strength. Reinforcements can take various forms, such as fibers (e.g., carbon fiber, glass fiber, aramid fiber), particles, or flakes. The arrangement and orientation of the reinforcement are critical to the composite's performance.

Composite materials are widely used across various industries due to their advantageous properties. In aerospace, their lightweight and high strength make them ideal for aircraft structures, reducing fuel consumption. The automotive industry utilizes composites for body panels, chassis components, and interior parts to improve fuel efficiency and safety. Other applications include sporting goods, construction, marine vessels, and medical devices. The design flexibility offered by composite materials allows for tailored solutions to meet specific engineering challenges.