Kohtuprotsessides

Kohtuprotsessides refer to legal proceedings in Estonian law. These processes are the formal mechanisms through which legal disputes are resolved and justice is administered within the Estonian judicial system. There are generally two main types of court proceedings: civil and criminal.

Civil proceedings involve disputes between individuals, organizations, or both, concerning matters such as contracts, property, family law, and torts. The goal in civil cases is typically to settle disagreements, award damages, or enforce legal rights. Parties in a civil case are usually referred to as the plaintiff and the defendant.

Criminal proceedings, on the other hand, involve alleged violations of criminal law. In these cases, the state, represented by the prosecutor, brings charges against an individual or entity accused of committing a crime. The defendant in a criminal case faces potential penalties ranging from fines to imprisonment. The proceedings aim to determine guilt or innocence and, if guilt is established, to impose appropriate punishment.

The Estonian court system is structured with courts of first instance, appellate courts, and the Supreme Court. Each level of court plays a role in the conduct of these proceedings, ensuring that cases are heard and decided according to Estonian law. The principles of due process, fairness, and impartiality are fundamental to all kohtuprotsessides. The proceedings are typically public, although exceptions exist for specific types of cases to protect privacy or national security.