Koagulationsnekros

Koagulationsnekros, often simply referred to as coagulative necrosis, is a form of cell death where the cell's structural integrity is maintained following the loss of its nucleus. This preservation of cellular outline is a key distinguishing feature. It typically occurs due to a disruption of blood supply, such as ischemia or infarction, which leads to a sudden loss of cellular energy and the activation of hydrolytic enzymes.

The process begins with cellular swelling due to the influx of ions and water. Simultaneously, the cell membrane remains intact for a period. The denaturation of intracellular proteins is a hallmark event, causing the cytoplasm to appear firm and opaque. Nuclear changes, including pyknosis (shrinkage and condensation), karyorrhexis (fragmentation), and karyolysis (dissolution), eventually occur, but the overall cellular architecture persists for some time.

Koagulationsnekros is most commonly observed in solid organs like the heart, kidneys, and spleen, particularly in cases of myocardial infarction or renal infarction. In contrast, liquefactive necrosis, another type of cell death, involves the breakdown and liquefaction of cellular components. The fate of tissue undergoing coagulative necrosis depends on the extent of the damage and the body's ability to clear the dead cells and repair the affected area.