Kneeling

Kneeling is a posture in which the body is lowered so that weight rests on the knees. The most common forms are a single knee touching the ground with the other leg bent in front (genuflection) and a position in which both knees rest on the ground (a full kneel). In either case, the hips flex and the torso may remain upright or lean forward, depending on purpose and comfort.

Mechanics and variations vary by activity. One knee down, the other leg often forms a 90-degree angle, with the foot tucked or flat. In a full kneel the shins and thighs support most of the body's weight, and there are several transitional forms used to rise from or descend into the position. People may use cushioning or kneeling chairs to reduce pressure on the joints during prolonged periods.

Cultural, religious, and ceremonial uses are diverse. Genuflection is a sign of reverence in some Christian traditions, typically toward a sacred space or object. In Islam, kneeling and prostration occur as part of the ritual prayer (salah). The seated kneeling posture known as seiza appears in Japanese culture during traditional practices. Hindu and Buddhist rituals often involve kneeling as an act of devotion, honor, or submission. Ceremonial kneeling is also used in various rites of knighthood, royalty, or diplomacy.

Contemporary contexts include its use as a form of protest or solidarity in some settings, notably among athletes and public figures. Safety considerations include potential knee or ankle strain from prolonged kneeling; cushions, padded mats, or alternate seating can mitigate discomfort for individuals with joint issues.