Kerrosrakennus

Kerrosrakennus, literally meaning “storey building” in Finnish, refers to a building that has more than one floor above ground level. The term is used to describe a wide range of structures, including residential, commercial, and mixed-use buildings. It is distinct from a single-storey building and from kerrostalo, which specifically denotes a multi-storey dwelling such as an apartment block.

Design and construction: Typical kerrosrakennus employs a structural framework of reinforced concrete or steel, with floor slabs spanning between columns or shear walls. In smaller or older buildings, load-bearing walls may provide vertical support. Vertical circulation consists of stairs and often an elevator, with service cores housing utilities and fire safety equipment. Materials include concrete, steel, brick, or timber; timber and cross-laminated timber (CLT) are increasingly used in Finland for mid-rise buildings, subject to fire resistance requirements.

Regulation and safety: Building design is governed by national building codes and European standards; energy performance, thermal insulation, and air tightness are regulated. Fire safety demands compartmentalization, adequate means of escape, and sprinkler systems where required. Accessibility requirements apply for entrances, corridors, and facilities.

Usage and typology: Kerrosrakennus includes office blocks, hotels, schools, hospitals, and housing; kerrostalo is a subtype focused on residential use with multiple dwellings per floor. High-rise kerrosrakennus exist but are subject to municipal zoning and safety rules.

Construction considerations: Urban planning, site constraints, and seismic considerations influence foundation design and vibration control. Maintenance and retrofit can be challenging at higher elevations.