Kasvajaprotsess

Kasvajaprotsess, also known as tumor progression or oncogenesis, refers to the series of events that lead to the development and growth of a tumor. This process is a complex interplay of genetic and epigenetic changes, cellular signaling, and environmental factors. The initial step in kasvajaprotsess is often the accumulation of genetic mutations in a single cell, which can occur spontaneously or be induced by external factors such as radiation or certain chemicals. These mutations can alter the cell's DNA, leading to uncontrolled cell division and the formation of a clone of genetically altered cells.

As the clone expands, it undergoes further genetic and epigenetic changes, which can enhance its survival and growth advantages. This includes the ability to evade apoptosis (programmed cell death), resist anti-cancer therapies, and promote angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels). The tumor can also acquire the ability to invade surrounding tissues and metastasize, spreading to distant organs and forming secondary tumors.

The progression of a tumor is influenced by various factors, including the type of cancer, the individual's genetic predisposition, and the tumor's microenvironment. The process can be divided into several stages, from the initiation of the first mutation to the development of a fully malignant tumor capable of metastasis. Understanding kasvajaprotsess is crucial for the development of effective cancer treatments and prevention strategies.