Kastetilaisuus

Kastetilaisuus, often translated as "caste system" or "caste-based discrimination," refers to a hierarchical social stratification system historically present in certain regions, most notably in the Indian subcontinent. This system divides society into rigid groups, or castes, based on birth. Individuals are born into a particular caste, and their social status, occupation, and marriage prospects are largely determined by this inherited identity.

The traditional Varna system, a foundational concept in Hinduism, categorizes people into four main classes: Brahmins (priests and scholars), Kshatriyas (warriors and rulers), Vaishyas (merchants and farmers), and Shudras (laborers and servants). Below these, outside the Varna system, are the Dalits (formerly known as "untouchables"), who have historically faced the most severe discrimination and exclusion.

While the Indian constitution officially abolished caste-based discrimination and untouchability, its influence persists in many aspects of social life. Caste identity can still affect social interactions, marriage choices, access to education, and employment opportunities, particularly in rural areas. Efforts to combat casteism involve legal reforms, affirmative action policies, and social awareness campaigns aimed at promoting equality and dismantling deeply ingrained prejudices. The concept of kastetilaisuus encompasses not only the structural divisions but also the social and cultural practices that perpetuate inequality and discrimination based on birth.