Kariesveszély

Kariesveszély refers to the risk of developing dental caries, commonly known as tooth decay or cavities. This condition is a multifactorial disease that affects the hard tissues of the teeth. The primary cause is the demineralization of tooth enamel and dentin, which occurs when acids produced by oral bacteria dissolve the mineral content of the teeth.

Several factors contribute to the kariesveszély. The presence of cariogenic bacteria, such as *Streptococcus mutans*, in the oral cavity is essential. These bacteria metabolize sugars and carbohydrates from the diet, producing lactic acid as a byproduct. Frequent and prolonged exposure to fermentable carbohydrates, particularly refined sugars and sticky foods, provides a food source for these bacteria, increasing acid production. Poor oral hygiene, including inadequate brushing and flossing, allows plaque to accumulate on the teeth. Plaque is a sticky film composed of bacteria, food debris, and saliva, which traps acids close to the tooth surface.

The duration and frequency of acid attacks are critical. Saliva plays a crucial role in buffering acids and remineralizing the tooth surface. However, when acid attacks are too frequent or prolonged, saliva's protective mechanisms can be overwhelmed. Other contributing factors include the tooth's susceptibility, such as the morphology of its biting surfaces and the quality of enamel, and the presence of fluoride, which strengthens enamel and aids remineralization. Understanding these contributing factors is key to assessing and managing kariesveszély.