Kardioaktive

Kardioaktive refers to substances or agents that influence the contractility and pumping ability of the heart. These compounds can either increase cardiac output (positive inotropic agents) or decrease it (negative inotropic agents). Understanding kardioaktive effects is crucial in the fields of pharmacology and medicine, particularly in the management of cardiovascular diseases.

Positive kardioaktive agents, often called inotropes, enhance the force of myocardial contraction. This can lead to an increased stroke volume and cardiac output. Examples include certain medications used to treat heart failure, such as digoxin and dobutamine. These drugs work through various mechanisms, often involving intracellular calcium levels or the sympathetic nervous system. The goal is to improve the heart's efficiency in pumping blood throughout the body, which can alleviate symptoms like shortness of breath and fatigue.

Negative kardioaktive agents, conversely, reduce the force of cardiac contraction. While less commonly used therapeutically, they are important in certain clinical scenarios. For instance, beta-blockers, while primarily known for their antiarrhythmic and antihypertensive effects, can have negative inotropic properties. In some cases, reducing the heart's contractility can be beneficial, such as in certain types of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy or to decrease myocardial oxygen demand. The study of kardioaktive substances is ongoing, with research continually exploring new targets and mechanisms to optimize cardiovascular function.