KapnographieWellenform

KapnographieWellenform refers to the graphical representation of carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in a patient's exhaled breath over time. This waveform, displayed on a capnograph monitor, provides crucial real-time physiological data. The typical waveform has a distinct shape, characterized by several phases. Phase I represents the beginning of exhalation, where dead space gas, devoid of CO2, is expelled. Phase II signifies the rapid rise in CO2 as alveolar gas mixes with dead space gas. Phase III, also known as the alveolar plateau, shows a relatively stable CO2 concentration as primarily alveolar gas is exhaled. Finally, the rapid decrease in CO2 during inspiration marks the end of exhalation and the beginning of the next breath.

Variations in the KapnographieWellenform can indicate a range of clinical conditions. For instance, a rebreathing pattern, where the baseline does not return to zero, suggests an issue with the CO2 absorber or ventilation system. A loss of waveform altogether, or a very flat waveform, can signal apnea, esophageal intubation, or a disconnection in the breathing circuit. An increased slope in Phase II or a drooping alveolar plateau might indicate bronchospasm or airway obstruction. Analyzing the shape, amplitude, and timing of the KapnographieWellenform is essential for effective patient monitoring, particularly in anesthesia, critical care, and emergency medicine, allowing for rapid diagnosis and intervention.