Kapillærvækst

Kapillærvækst, also known as angiogenesis, is a biological process where new blood vessels form from pre-existing ones. This process is crucial for various physiological and pathological conditions, including wound healing, tumor growth, and tissue repair. Angiogenesis is regulated by a complex interplay of pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors, which include growth factors, cytokines, and matrix metalloproteinases.

The process of angiogenesis typically involves several stages: sprouting, maturation, and stabilization. During sprouting, endothelial cells at the tip of existing blood vessels migrate and proliferate, forming new vessels. Maturation occurs as the new vessels develop a basement membrane and smooth muscle cells, which help stabilize the structure. Finally, stabilization involves the recruitment of pericytes and the formation of a mature blood vessel.

Angiogenesis is a tightly regulated process, and its dysregulation can lead to various diseases. For example, excessive angiogenesis is associated with cancer, where tumors rely on a robust blood supply for growth and metastasis. Conversely, insufficient angiogenesis can result in conditions like ischemia, where tissues do not receive adequate blood flow.

Researchers are actively studying angiogenesis to develop targeted therapies for diseases like cancer and ischemic conditions. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying angiogenesis and identifying key regulators can lead to the development of novel treatments that modulate this process to benefit patients.