Kaltblüter

Kaltblüter, a German term, translates to "cold-blooded" and refers to a classification of horse breeds. This classification is distinct from the modern scientific classification of ectotherms, which are animals that rely on external sources for body heat. In the context of horses, Kaltblüter denotes breeds that are known for their heavy build, calm temperament, and immense strength. They were historically bred for draft work, such as plowing fields, pulling heavy loads, and other agricultural and industrial tasks.

The term "Kaltblüter" emerged to differentiate these sturdy, placid horses from "Warmblüter" (warm-blooded horses) and "Vollblüter" (thoroughbreds). Warmblüter are typically lighter, more agile, and possess a more spirited temperament, often used for riding disciplines like dressage and show jumping. Thoroughbreds, on the other hand, are bred for speed and endurance, primarily in racing.

Kaltblüter breeds are characterized by their large bone structure, broad bodies, thick necks, and often feathered legs. Their gentle disposition makes them easier to handle despite their size and power. Examples of Kaltblüter breeds include the Belgian Draft, Percheron, Clydesdale, and Shire horse. While their use in traditional draft work has decreased with mechanization, they remain popular for recreational riding, historical reenactments, and in some regions, for sustainable forestry and agricultural practices. Their calm nature also makes them suitable therapy animals.