Kalotermes

Kalotermes is a genus of termites belonging to the family Kalotermitidae, commonly known as drywood termites. These insects are native to various regions across Africa, Asia, and Australia, where they thrive in dry, wood-dwelling environments. Unlike other termites that rely on soil for moisture, Kalotermes species feed exclusively on dry, non-living wood, making them particularly adapted to arid climates.

The genus comprises several species, including Kalotermes flavicollis, which is one of the most well-known and widely distributed. These termites are typically found in wooden structures such as furniture, beams, and old buildings, where they create galleries by chewing through the wood. Their presence often goes unnoticed until structural damage becomes apparent, as they do not require direct contact with the ground.

Kalotermes termites reproduce asexually, with queens laying large numbers of eggs to sustain colonies. The social structure includes workers, soldiers, and reproductive individuals, though the latter are less common in drywood termite colonies compared to subterranean termites. Their wings are shed after mating, and the newly formed alates (winged adults) disperse to establish new colonies.

Control measures for Kalotermes infestations focus on eliminating the wood source and applying insecticides, particularly borates, which are effective against drywood termites. Regular inspections and treating affected wood can help prevent further damage. Due to their specific habitat preferences, these termites are less aggressive than some other species but remain a significant concern in wooden structures within their ranges.