Kallsvett

Kallsvett, commonly translated as cold sweat, refers to a form of diaphoresis where sweating is cold, pale, and clammy. It often accompanies acute stress or fear but can signal medical problems. The skin may feel cool to the touch and the person may appear faint or weak.

Causes include emotional distress (panic, anxiety), pain, illness, and shock states. It can occur with serious conditions such as heart attack or other acute coronary syndromes, severe infection or sepsis, significant blood loss or dehydration, severe hypoglycemia, or intoxication. Less urgent triggers can include intense physical exertion or withdrawal from alcohol or drugs.

Symptoms typically involve sudden sweating that feels cold and sticky, often with dizziness, nausea, shortness of breath, or confusion. Distinguishing widespread diaphoresis from localized sweating disorders is important in evaluation.

Pathophysiology involves activation of the sympathetic nervous system and vasoconstriction, which can produce cold, clammy skin while sweat glands expel fluid as part of the stress response. In serious contexts, cold sweat can accompany shock or myocardial ischemia and should prompt rapid assessment.

Management focuses on addressing the underlying cause. If cold sweat is accompanied by chest pain, fainting, severe shortness of breath, or confusion, seek emergency medical help. For non-urgent cases, the person should rest, stay hydrated if able, and be monitored while professional care is sought. If hypoglycemia is suspected, check blood glucose and provide glucose if safely possible.

See also: diaphoresis, hyperhidrosis, heart attack symptoms, shock.