Kajitsu

Kajitsu is a traditional Japanese festival that marks the beginning of the new year in the lunar calendar, typically held in January or February. The term "kajitsu" (嘉吉) originates from the era name of Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado, who reigned from 1445 to 1464, and is often associated with the celebration of the New Year in the old lunar calendar system. While the modern Japanese New Year (Shōgatsu) follows the Gregorian calendar, kajitsu retains cultural significance as a historical and seasonal observance.

The festival aligns with the first day of the first month in the old lunar calendar, which traditionally falls between late January and mid-February. Kajitsu was historically a time for reflection, renewal, and communal gatherings, reflecting Japan’s deep connection to nature and seasonal cycles. During this period, people engaged in rituals to ward off evil spirits, honor ancestors, and welcome prosperity for the coming year.

One of the key customs associated with kajitsu was the preparation of *osechi*, a special bento box filled with symbolic foods meant to bring good fortune. Another practice involved visiting shrines or temples to pray for health and happiness, similar to modern *hatsumōde* (first shrine visit). The festival also coincided with agricultural activities, as farmers prayed for a bountiful harvest.

Though kajitsu is no longer an official public holiday, its traditions influence contemporary Japanese New Year celebrations. The festival serves as a reminder of Japan’s historical calendar systems and the enduring cultural values tied to seasonal transitions. Today, it remains a subject of interest for those studying Japanese history, folklore, and seasonal customs.