Kaivertamismenetelmä

Kaivertamismenetelmä is a Finnish term that translates to "engraving method" or "etching method." It refers to a broad category of techniques used to create an image or design by removing material from a surface, typically a metal plate. This process results in incised lines that can then hold ink for printing.

Historically, kaivertamismenetelmä has encompassed various specific techniques. Among the most prominent are drypoint, in which a sharp needle is used to scratch lines directly into the plate, and etching, where a metal plate is coated with a resistant ground, and acid is used to eat away at areas exposed through a drawing. Mezzotint is another related technique where the plate is first roughened to print dark tones, and then areas are smoothed to create lighter tones.

The primary purpose of kaivertamismenetelmä is often for the reproduction of artworks. Once a plate is engraved or etched, it can be inked and pressed onto paper multiple times, allowing for the creation of numerous identical prints. This made art more accessible than unique paintings. The resulting prints are known as intaglio prints. The depth and character of the incised lines significantly influence the final printed image, allowing for a wide range of tonal and textural effects.