Jännitejakoverkkoja

Jännitejakoverkkoja, known in English as voltage divider networks, are simple electrical circuits used to create a specific output voltage from a higher input voltage. They typically consist of two or more resistors connected in series across a voltage source. The output voltage is taken across one of the resistors. The fundamental principle behind a voltage divider is Ohm's Law, which states that the voltage across a resistor is directly proportional to the current flowing through it and its resistance. By choosing appropriate resistor values, the voltage can be divided proportionally.

The formula for a simple two-resistor voltage divider is Vout = Vin * (R2 / (R1 + R2)), where R1 is the resistor connected to the input voltage and R2 is the resistor across which the output voltage is measured. This circuit is widely used in electronics for various purposes, such as providing reference voltages to integrated circuits, attenuating signals, and adjusting sensor outputs. While simple and effective, voltage dividers have limitations. They are not efficient for power delivery as power is dissipated as heat in the resistors. They also have a high output impedance, meaning the output voltage can change significantly if a load with low impedance is connected. For applications requiring stable voltage and efficient power transfer, other methods like voltage regulators are preferred.