Jonkanaler
Jonkanaler, or ion channels, are transmembrane proteins that form selective pores allowing ions such as sodium, potassium, calcium, and chloride to pass across cell membranes. They enable rapid changes in membrane potential and are essential for electrical signaling in neurons and muscle, as well as for secretory processes and the maintenance of ionic balance in cells.
Most jonkanaler are built from subunits that assemble to create a conductive pore. Some channels are tetrameric,
Ion channels are commonly classified by their gating mechanism: voltage-gated channels open in response to changes
Dysfunction of jonkanaler can lead to channelopathies, a broad group of disorders. Examples include epilepsies and