Jonc

Jonc is the French common name for plants of the genus Juncus, in the family Juncaceae. These herbaceous, monocotyledonous perennials, commonly known as rushes in English, occur across a wide range of climates with a strong preference for wetlands and moist soils. The genus Juncus comprises about 200 described species and is characterized by slender, erect, cylindrical stems; leaves that are often reduced to sheaths around the stem; and small, inconspicuous flowers arranged in dense inflorescences. The fruit is typically a capsule containing tiny seeds.

Habitat ranges include freshwater to brackish environments such as marshes, fens, riverbanks, and wet meadows. Rushes tolerate periodic inundation and can contribute to soil stabilization and erosion control. They add to wetland biodiversity by providing cover and habitats for invertebrates and small vertebrates.

Human uses include crafts and weaving: the stems are flexible and durable for making baskets, mats, and other woven objects. In horticulture, joncs are used in water gardens and constructed wetlands, where they assist in filtration and contribute to aesthetic value. Some species are employed in ecological restoration projects to improve hydrological function and biodiversity.

Etymology and regional names vary, but in French, jonc derives from historical terms for reed-like plants. Joncs are commonly encountered in wetland literature and are recognized as important components of marsh and riparian ecosystems.