JINR

JINR, the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, is an international intergovernmental scientific organization based in Dubna, Moscow Oblast, Russia. It was established in 1956 by the Soviet Union and several other states to coordinate research in nuclear physics and related disciplines and to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy through international cooperation.

The institute conducts experimental and theoretical work in nuclear physics, high-energy physics, accelerator physics, and applied research. It operates accelerator facilities such as the Synchrophasotron and the Nuclotron, and leads the development of the NICA project (Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility) to study strongly interacting matter at high baryon density. It also supports computing, detector development, and education programs.

JINR is an international organization with member states and associate members. Its governance includes an Intergovernmental Council that sets policy and a Directorate that directs scientific programs. The institute hosts scientists from its member states and from other countries, and it runs collaborations with universities and laboratories worldwide.

Historically, JINR was conceived in the 1950s as a center for international collaboration in fundamental physics during the Cold War, with the aim of promoting peaceful scientific exchange. It has since expanded its facilities and programs and continues to contribute to nuclear and particle physics research and training.