Jännitekorotinta

Jännitekorotinta, known in English as a voltage booster or step-up converter, is an electronic circuit that increases a direct current (DC) voltage to a higher level. It operates by storing energy, typically in an inductor, and then releasing it in a way that effectively adds it to the input voltage. This process is achieved through the use of switching elements, such as transistors and diodes, which rapidly turn on and off. The output voltage is generally higher than the input voltage, and the current at the output is correspondingly lower, assuming an ideal scenario with no power losses.

The fundamental principle behind most jännitekorotinta circuits involves an inductor. When the switch is closed, current flows through the inductor, building up a magnetic field and storing energy. When the switch opens, the magnetic field collapses, inducing a voltage across the inductor that opposes the change in current. This induced voltage is added to the input voltage, resulting in a higher voltage across the output capacitor. The switching frequency and the duty cycle of the switch are key parameters that determine the output voltage.

Jännitekorotinta circuits are widely used in various electronic devices. They are essential in battery-powered devices where the battery voltage is insufficient to power the required components, such as in portable electronics, LED lighting, and electric vehicles. They also find applications in power supplies for microcontrollers and other low-voltage digital circuits that need a higher operating voltage. The efficiency of a jännitekorotinta can vary depending on its design and load conditions.