Irula

Irula refers to a tribal community primarily residing in the Indian states of Tamil Nadu and Kerala, with smaller populations in neighboring Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka. They are also known by various other names such as Irular, Irulan, or Korgan. Historically, the Irula people have been associated with foraging, hunting, and traditional healing practices, particularly snake charming and rat catching. Their traditional language, Irula, is a Dravidian language spoken by the community, though many also speak regional languages like Tamil and Malayalam.

The Irula community has faced significant socio-economic challenges, including marginalization and poverty. Efforts have been made by government agencies and non-governmental organizations to improve their access to education, healthcare, and economic opportunities. Their traditional knowledge of medicinal plants and the natural environment is a significant aspect of their cultural heritage. Despite facing historical disadvantages, the Irula people are striving to preserve their unique cultural identity and improve their livelihoods.