Intubálás

Intubálás is a medical procedure where a tube is inserted into the trachea, or windpipe. This process is typically performed to establish and maintain an airway or to administer certain drugs or anesthetic agents. The most common reason for intubation is to assist or control breathing when a patient cannot breathe adequately on their own, often due to respiratory failure, surgery requiring general anesthesia, or severe injury.

There are two primary methods of intubation: endotracheal intubation and nasotracheal intubation. Endotracheal intubation involves inserting the tube through the mouth, while nasotracheal intubation uses the nose as the entry point. The choice of method depends on the clinical situation and patient factors. A specialized instrument called a laryngoscope is often used to visualize the vocal cords and guide the placement of the endotracheal tube. Once in place, the tube is secured, and it can be connected to a mechanical ventilator to provide positive pressure ventilation, ensuring oxygenation and carbon dioxide removal.

Intubation is a critical intervention in emergency medicine, intensive care units, and operating rooms. While generally safe, it carries potential risks such as damage to the teeth or vocal cords, bleeding, infection, and aspiration. Careful technique and monitoring are essential to minimize these complications. The tube is typically removed once the patient can breathe independently, a process known as extubation.