IntCal04

IntCal04 is a calibration curve for radiocarbon dating that was published in 2004 by the IntCal working group. The curve is a record of atmospheric 14C concentrations over the past 12,000 years, based on data from tree rings, corals, and lake sediments.

The IntCal04 curve is an update to the previous IntCal98 calibration curve, and it reflects new data and more precise measurements. The curve is based on a large dataset of 14C measurements from natural archives, which were then adjusted to account for fluctuations in atmospheric 14C levels.

The IntCal04 curve is notable for its high precision and accuracy, particularly in the Holocene period (the past 11,700 years). In this interval, the curve is based on over 800 14C measurements from tree rings and other natural archives. The curve shows a relatively stable level of atmospheric 14C in the early Holocene, followed by a decline in the mid-Holocene period.

The IntCal04 curve has been widely used in radiocarbon dating of archaeological and paleoecological samples. It has been particularly useful for dating human occupations in the Holocene, as well as for reconstructing past environmental conditions. The curve has also been used in conjunction with other types of dating methods, such as dendrochronology and paleomagnetism, to construct more accurate and comprehensive chronologies.

The IntCal04 curve is available in digital form, and it can be accessed through various online databases and laboratories. It has been widely adopted as a standard for radiocarbon dating in the scientific community, and it continues to be refined and updated as new data become available.