InputOutputTabellen

InputoutputTabellen, commonly referred to as input-output tables, are statistical matrices that describe the flows of goods and services between sectors of an economy over a given period. They show how the output of each sector is used by other sectors as input, and how final demand components such as households, government, investment, and net exports consume that output. The result is a snapshot of inter-industry relationships and the structure of economic activity.

A typical table is square, with sectors listed as both rows and columns. The intersection values represent the value of inputs from one sector used by another to produce output. The tables often include separate blocks for intermediate consumption, final demand, value added, and production taxes or subsidies. Data are usually sourced from national accounts and related statistical frameworks, sometimes supplemented by supply-use tables to ensure consistency.

Applications of input-output tables include analysis of forward and backward linkages, calculation of multipliers for output, employment, or income, and scenario assessment for policy planning. They are also extended to environmental and energy accounting through environmental or energy input-output analysis, which links economic activity to resource use and emissions.

Limitations include the assumption of fixed production coefficients, which ignores price changes and technological change, sensitivity to data quality and aggregation, and the static nature of most tables. Regional variants exist to capture subnational economies, while dynamic or sectoral refinements aim to incorporate growth and structural change. Despite these caveats, InputoutputTabellen remain a foundational tool for understanding economic structure and policy impact.