Informationalphysical

Informationalphysical is a term used to describe an approach or framework that studies the interactions between information and physical processes, treating information as a physical resource that is constrained by energy, entropy, and the laws of physics. It focuses on how information is stored, processed, transmitted, and transformed within physical substrates such as electronics, optics, or biological media.

The term is not uniformly standardized. It is often used interchangeably with related concepts such as information physics, information thermodynamics, and physical information theory. It draws on principles from thermodynamics of computation, Landauer's principle, and Bennett's ideas about the physical cost of information processing.

Core concepts include characterizing information as a measurable physical quantity, linking information to energy costs and entropy changes, and considering limits on information transfer and storage. It encompasses classical and quantum information processing, stochastic thermodynamics, and error correction in noisy channels. It also investigates how physical constraints shape information processing in natural systems.

Applications span energy-efficient computing hardware, data storage technologies, and communication systems; it also informs models of biological information processing, neural computation, and quantum information science.

In practice, informationalphysical is more of an interdisciplinary perspective than a single unified discipline. It overlaps with information theory, physics, computer science, and engineering, and discussions about the term often reflect broader debates about how best to formalize the information-physical interface.